Wei Liao Zi Art of War Chapter 23
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Wei Liao Zi Art of War Chapter 23, 兵令上
本篇论述了战争的目的是“伐暴乱，本仁义，战国则以立威”。战争的实质是“以武为植，以文为种”。此外，还论述了临敌布阵的方法、纪律和要求。
23.1
Original: 兵者，凶器也。战者，逆德也。争者，事之末也。故王者伐暴乱，本仁义焉。战国则以立威，抗敌相图，而不能废兵也。
English: Weapons are implements for killing. War is contrary to
23.2
Original: 兵者，以武为植，以文为种。武为表，文为里。能审此二者，知胜败矣。文所以视利害，辩安危。武所以犯强敌，力攻守也。
English: War takes the military as its trunk and political gains as its...
23.3
Original: 专一则胜，离散则败。陈以密则固，锋以疏则达。畏将甚于敌者胜，卒畏改甚于将者败。所以知胜败者，称将于敌也，敌与将犹权衡焉。安静则治，暴疾则乱。
English: One who is unified will be victorious; one who is beset by...
23.4
Original: 出卒陈兵有常令，行伍疏数有常法，先后之次有适宜。常令者，非追北袭邑攸用也。前后不次则失也，乱先后斩之。
English: Sending troops forth and deploying the army have standard orders; the dispersal and density of...
23.5
Original: 常阵皆向敌，有内向，有外向，有立陈，有坐陈。夫内向所以顾中也，外向所以备外也，立陈所以行也，坐陈所以止也。立坐之陈，相参进止，将在其中。坐之兵剑斧，立之兵戟弩，将亦居中。
English: The standard deployment for formations is always facing toward the enemy. There are also...
23.6
Original: 善御敌者，正共先台，而后扼之，此必胜之术也。陈之斧钺，饰之旗章，有功必赏，犯令必死。存亡生死，在枹之端。虽天下有善兵者，莫能御此矣。
English: Those who excel at repulsing the enemy, first join battle with...
23.7
Original: 矢射未交，长刃未接。前噪保者谓之虚，后噪者谓之实，不噪者谓之秘。虚实秘者，兵之体也。
English: Before arrows have been shot and cross in flight, before the long blades have...