Sima Rangju Art of War Chapter 5
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Sima Rangju Art of War Chapter 5
用众，篇名。本篇现存八节。主要阐述“用众”和“用寡”的方法。进而论述陆阵时待敌观变、避实击虚、观察部队情况、巩固军心的办法。
Employing Large or Small Forces
Original: 凡战之道，用寡固，用众治，寡利烦，众利正。用众进止，用寡进退。众以合寡，则运裹而阙之，若分而迭击。寡以待众，若众疑之，则自用之。擅利，则释旗迎而反之。敌若众，则相众而受裹。敌若寡若畏，则避之开之。
English: 指挥作战的要领，兵力弱小应力求营阵巩固，兵力强大，应力求严整不乱。兵力弱小利于变化莫测出奇制胜，兵力强大利于正规作战。兵力强大要能进能止[稳重如山]，兵力弱小要能进能退[出没无常]。 用优势兵力与劣势敌人交战，应从远处形成包围并留个缺口“让他溃逃”，或者分批轮番攻击敌人。用拐势兵力对付优势敌人，就要虚张声势迷惑敌人，采用出敌意 外的方法争取胜利。如果敌人已占据了有利地形，就卷起军旗，假装败退引诱它出来，然后反击它。如果敌人兵力很多，应当察明情况并准备在被围攻的情况下作 战。如果敌人兵少而行动谨慎，就应先退让一步，然后乘隙消灭它。
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Movement of Troops
Original: 凡战，背风背高，右高左险，历沛历圮，兼舍环龟。
English: In warfare, keep the wind to your back, the mountains behind, heights on...
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After Deployment
Original: 凡战，设而观其作，视敌而举。待则循而勿鼓，待众之作。攻则屯而伺之。
English: In warfare, after deployment, observe the...
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Testing Enemy
Original: 凡战，众寡以观其变。进退以观其固，危而观其惧，静而观其怠，动而观其疑，袭而观其治。击其疑，加其卒，致其屈。袭其规，因其不避，阻其图，夺其虑，乘其惧。
English: In warfare, employ large and small numbers to...
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Chasing Enemy
Original: 凡从奔勿息，敌人或止于路则虑之。
English: In warfare, when pursuing an enemy, do not...
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Planning Attack and Retreat
Original: 凡近敌都，必有进路。退，必有反虑。
English: In warfare, when nearing an enemy's city, you must...
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Timing and Resting
Original: 凡战，先则弊，后则慑，息则怠，不息亦弊，息久亦反其慑。
English: In warfare, if you move too early, you will be...
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Troops Administration
Original: 书亲绝，是谓绝顾之虑。选良次兵，是谓益人之强。弃任节食，是谓开人之意。自古之政也。
English: Writing letters to families should be forbidden, this is to...
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