Nine Battlegrounds (III)-Sun Zi

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Nine Battlegrounds (III) by Sun Zi

English: When an army is moving along forested mountains, dangerous mountain passes, swamps, marshlands, difficult paths and roads, it is considered to be on treacherous ground. An area that can only be reached through narrow passes, that allows retreat only through dangerous and crooked paths and where a small force of the enemy is sufficient to strike a larger force of yours, is classified as constricted ground. An area in which one can only survive through fearless fighting and will definitely perish if one does not is called a death ground.

Modern: 山林、险阻、沼泽，一切难以行走的道路，叫做圮地。进口狭隘，退路迂曲，敌军能以其少胜我多的地区，叫做围地。迅速作战则能生存，不迅速作战则覆灭的地区，叫做死地。

Original: 行山林、险阻、沮泽，凡难行之道者，为圮地。所由入者隘，所从旧者迂，彼寡可以击吾之众者，为围地。疾战则存，不疾战则亡者，为死地。

Business Application:

From: Sun Zi Art of War Chapter 11